African Cichlid Care Sheet
Various (Mbuna, Peacock, Hap)
Vibrant, aggressive fish from the Rift Lakes of Africa. African cichlids offer saltwater-like colors in a freshwater setup but require specialized care and tank-mates.
76–82°F
7.8–8.6
55 gallons
6–10 years
3–8 inches (7–20 cm) depending on species
12+ (overstock to reduce aggression — more fish = less targeting)
Easy — most are mouthbrooders. Female holds eggs/fry in her mouth for 2-4 weeks. Prolific breeders.
Diet & Feeding
Varies by species — Mbuna are herbivores (spirulina, algae wafers), Haps/Peacocks are omnivores/carnivores (pellets, frozen foods). Research your specific species.
Natural Habitat
Native to the African Rift Lakes (Malawi, Tanganyika, Victoria). Highly alkaline, hard water with rocky environments.
Care Tips
Need hard, alkaline water (pH 7.8-8.6) — add crushed coral or limestone
Overstock the tank to distribute aggression — counterintuitive but essential
Do NOT mix with community fish — they'll terrorize or eat peaceful species
Provide lots of rock formations for territories and hiding
Keep Mbuna separate from Haps/Peacocks — different diets and temperaments